This is strictly true for all elements in the s and p blocks. Elements in each column have the same valence shell electron configurations, and the elements have some similar chemical properties. The same concept applies to the other columns of the periodic table. The organization of electrons in atoms explains not only the shape of the periodic table, but also the fact that elements in the same column of the periodic table have similar chemistry. From the elements position on the periodic table, predict the valence shell electron configuration for each atom. Tins electron configuration is Kr5 s 2 4 d 10 5 p 2. Because much of the chemistry of an element is influenced by valence electrons, we would expect that these elements would have similar chemistry- and they do. Sn is located in the second column of the p block, so we expect that its electron configuration would end in p 2. They all have a similar electron configuration in their valence shells: a single s electron. Their electron configurations (abbreviated for the larger atoms) are as follows, with the valence shell electron configuration highlighted: Electrons, electron configurations, and the valence shell electron configuration highlighted. For example, take the elements in the first column of the periodic table: H, Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs. If we look at just the valence shell’s electron configuration, we find that in each column, the valence shell’s electron configuration is the same. (The inner electrons are called core electrons.) The valence electrons largely control the chemistry of an atom. The electrons in the highest-numbered shell, plus any electrons in the last unfilled subshell, are called valence electrons the highest-numbered shell is called the valence shell. The periodic table is separated into blocks depending on which subshell is being filled for the atoms that belong in that section.
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